- 2012-04-26 (Thu) 08:42
- PHP
魔法使いという事なので、最終的には魔法で解決すると思いがちですが、魔法使いサリーは魔法を使わないで、何とか解決させるが本来の目的であるという事を知って驚きました。
2話の話を例に語られましたが、1つがいじめに対すること、もう1つが不得手なことでも努力すれば・・という題材でした。
アニメにしては深い内容だったですが、大人になって初めて子供時代のアニメの素晴らしさを知ったことに感動しました。
さて、今回はファイル読み込みのrequireについて紹介します。
第16回 require
前回紹介したinclude文と同じ動作を行うrequire文は、外部ファイルを読み込む操作を行います。
この二つの違いは、プログラムの実行と関係した読み込みタイミングです。
requireはプログラム実行前に指定したファイルを読み込みます。それに対して、includeはプログラム実行中に指定したファイルを読み込みます。
また、requireは毎回異なるファイルを読み込むことはできなく、指定したファイルが存在しない場合はFetal Errorを返して処理が停止ます。
それに対してincludeはループ処理を用いて、毎回異なるファイルを読み込むことができ、指定したファイルが存在しない場合はWarningを出力しますが、処理は続けられます。
require文の記述例は以下のようになります。
require "../sample.php"; // 括弧なし
$filepath = "../sample.php";
require $filepath; // 変数指定
また、includeと同様にファイルが既に読み込まれている場合、同じファイルを何回も読み込んでしまうと関数の再定義などが起こりエラーとなります。それを回避するために再度読み込みをさせないようにするには、require_once文を使用します。
通常はrequire_once文を使って外部ファイルを読み込ませることが多いです。
requireとincludeの使い分けは、ファイルがない場合に処理を停止したい時はrequire文、続行したければinclude文を利用すると覚えておけばよいでしょうね。
- Newer: PHP クラスの考え方
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